General information:
From Wikipedia: “Caraway, also known as Persian cumin, (Carum carvi) is a biennial plant in the family Apiaceae, native to western Asia, Europe, and North Africa.
The plant is similar in appearance to members of the carrot family, with finely divided, feathery leaves with thread-like divisions, growing on 20–30 cm (7.9–11.8 in) stems. The main flower stem is 40–60 cm (16–24 in) tall, with small white or pink flowers in umbels. Caraway fruits (erroneously called seeds) are crescent-shaped achenes, around 2 mm (0.08 in) long, with five pale ridges.”
Culinary uses:
“The fruits, usually used whole, have a pungent, anise-like flavor and aroma that comes from essential oils, mostly carvone, limonene, and anethole. Caraway is used as a spice in breads, especially rye bread.
Caraway is also used in desserts, liquors, casseroles, Indian cuisine rice dishes such as pulao and biryani, and other foods. It is also found in European cuisine. For example, it is used in caraway seed cake, and it is frequently added to sauerkraut. The roots may be cooked as a vegetable like parsnips or carrots. Additionally, the leaves are sometimes consumed as herbs, either raw, dried, or cooked, similar to parsley.
In Serbia, caraway is commonly sprinkled over home-made salty scones (pogačice s kimom). It is also used to add flavor to cheeses such as bondost, pultost, havarti and Tilsit cheese. Akvavit and several liqueurs are made with caraway.
In Middle Eastern cuisine, caraway pudding is a popular dessert during Ramadan. Caraway is also added to flavor harissa, a Tunisian chili pepper paste. It is typically made and served in the Levant area in winter and on the occasion of having a new baby. In Aleppian, Syrian cuisine it is used to make the sweet scones named keleacha.”
Medicinal uses:
“Caraway stimulates the digestive glands and has properties that help to ward off bloating and relax muscle cramps (antispasmodic). It is often used in the case of digestive problems involving bloating and gas, for minor cramps in the stomach, intestinal, and gall bladder rea, and also for psychosomatic disorders of the heart and stomach.
You can use the caraway fruits to make tea or essential oil, which is often combined with anise seed and coriander or rather with their essential oils.
Of these ingredients, caraway seed has the strongest antispasmodic properties. Caraway oil has been shown to have antimicrobial effects and is therefore often an ingredient in mouthwash and toothpaste. Chewing a few caraway fruits is said to help get rid of bad breath.*”
Cultivation:
“The plant prefers warm, sunny locations and well-drained soil rich in organic matter. In warmer regions, it is planted in the winter as an annual. In temperate climates, it is planted as a summer annual or biennial. However, a polyploid variant (with four haploid sets=4n) of this plant was found to be perennial.
Finland supplies about 28% (2011) of the world's caraway production. Caraway cultivation is well suited to the Finnish climate and latitudes, which ensure long hours of sunlight in the summer. This results in fruits that contain higher levels of essential oils than those produced in other main growing areas which include Canada, the Netherlands, Egypt, and central Europe.”
“Wild caraway can often be found growing on the side of the road or in pastures and meadows.*”
Note (italics): * = Translation from a German Wikipedia entry
Nutrient tables
The complete nutritional information, coverage of the daily requirement and comparison values with other ingredients can be found in the following nutrient tables.
Nutritional Information
|
per 100g |
2000 kcal The numbers show the percent of the recommended daily value for a person who consumes 2000 cal per day. This number is for one serving of the recipe. A person normally eats multiple times a day and consumes additional nutrients. You can get all of the nutrients you need over a longer period of time and in this way ensure a healthy balance. |
---|---|---|
Energy | 333 kcal 1'393 kJ | 16.6% Recommended daily allowance according to the GDA: 2000kcal |
Fat/Lipids | 15 g | 20.8% Recommended daily allowance according to the GDA: 70g |
Saturated Fats | 0.62 g | 3.1% Recommended daily allowance according to the GDA: 20g |
Carbohydrates (inc.dietary fiber) | 50 g | 18.5% Recommended daily allowance according to the GDA: 270g |
Sugars | 0.64 g | 0.7% Recommended daily allowance according to the GDA: 90g |
Fiber | 38 g | 152.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the GDA: 25g |
Protein/Albumin | 20 g | 39.5% Recommended daily allowance according to the GDA: 50g |
Cooking Salt (Na:17.0 mg) | 43 mg | 1.8% Recommended daily allowance according to the GDA: 2.4g |
Essential micronutrients with the highest proportions | per 100g | 2000 kcal | |
---|---|---|---|
Min | Iron, Fe | 16 mg | 116.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the EU: LMIV-2011: 14 mg |
Prot | Tryptophan (Trp, W) | 0.24 g | 98.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the WHO-Protein-2002: 0.25 g |
Min | Copper, Cu | 0.91 mg | 91.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the EU: LMIV-2011: 1.0 mg |
Elem | Calcium, Ca | 689 mg | 86.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the EU: LMIV-2011: 800 mg |
Elem | Phosphorus, P | 568 mg | 81.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the EU: LMIV-2011: 700 mg |
Prot | Threonine (Thr, T) | 0.76 g | 81.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the WHO-Protein-2002: 0.93 g |
Elem | Magnesium, Mg | 258 mg | 69.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the EU: LMIV-2011: 375 mg |
Elem | Potassium, K | 1'351 mg | 68.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the EU: LMIV-2011: 2'000 mg |
Prot | Isoleucine (Ile, I) | 0.83 g | 67.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the WHO-Protein-2002: 1.2 g |
Min | Manganese, Mn | 1.3 mg | 65.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the EU: LMIV-2011: 2.0 mg |
Detailed micronutrients and daily requirement coverage per 100g
Explanations of nutrient tables in general
The majority of the nutritional information comes from the USDA (US Department of Agriculture). This means that the information for natural products is often incomplete or only given within broader categories, whereas in most cases products made from these have more complete information displayed.
If we take flaxseed, for example, the important essential amino acid ALA (omega-3) is only included in an overarching category whereas for flaxseed oil ALA is listed specifically. In time, we will be able to change this, but it will require a lot of work. An “i” appears behind ingredients that have been adjusted and an explanation appears when you hover over this symbol.
For Erb Muesli, the original calculations resulted in 48 % of the daily requirement of ALA — but with the correction, we see that the muesli actually covers >100 % of the necessary recommendation for the omega-3 fatty acid ALA. Our goal is to eventually be able to compare the nutritional value of our recipes with those that are used in conventional western lifestyles.
Essential fatty acids | per 100g |
2000 kcal The numbers show the percent of the recommended daily value for a person who consumes 2000 cal per day. This number is for one serving of the recipe. A person normally eats multiple times a day and consumes additional nutrients. You can get all of the nutrients you need over a longer period of time and in this way ensure a healthy balance. |
---|---|---|
Linoleic acid; LA; 18:2 omega-6 | 3.1 g | 31.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the CH-EDI-Verordnung: 10 g |
Alpha-Linolenic acid; ALA; 18:3 omega-3 | 0.15 g | 8.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the CH-EDI-Verordnung: 2.0 g |
Essential amino acids | per 100g |
2000 kcal The numbers show the percent of the recommended daily value for a person who consumes 2000 cal per day. This number is for one serving of the recipe. A person normally eats multiple times a day and consumes additional nutrients. You can get all of the nutrients you need over a longer period of time and in this way ensure a healthy balance. |
---|---|---|
Tryptophan (Trp, W) | 0.24 g | 98.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the WHO-Protein-2002: 0.25 g |
Threonine (Thr, T) | 0.76 g | 81.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the WHO-Protein-2002: 0.93 g |
Isoleucine (Ile, I) | 0.83 g | 67.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the WHO-Protein-2002: 1.2 g |
Valine (Val, V) | 1.0 g | 64.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the WHO-Protein-2002: 1.6 g |
Phenylalanine (Phe, F) | 0.87 g | 56.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the WHO-Protein-2002: 1.6 g |
Lysine (Lys, K) | 1.0 g | 55.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the WHO-Protein-2002: 1.9 g |
Leucine (Leu, L) | 1.2 g | 50.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the WHO-Protein-2002: 2.4 g |
Methionine (Met, M) | 0.36 g | 39.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the WHO-Protein-2002: 0.93 g |
Vitamins | per 100g |
2000 kcal The numbers show the percent of the recommended daily value for a person who consumes 2000 cal per day. This number is for one serving of the recipe. A person normally eats multiple times a day and consumes additional nutrients. You can get all of the nutrients you need over a longer period of time and in this way ensure a healthy balance. |
---|---|---|
Thiamine (vitamin B1) | 0.38 mg | 35.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the EU: LMIV-2011: 1.1 mg |
Riboflavin (vitamin B2) | 0.38 mg | 27.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the EU: LMIV-2011: 1.4 mg |
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) | 21 mg | 26.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the EU: LMIV-2011: 80 mg |
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) | 0.36 mg | 26.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the EU: LMIV-2011: 1.4 mg |
Niacin (née vitamin B3) | 3.6 mg | 23.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the EU: LMIV-2011: 16 mg |
Vitamin E, as a-TEs | 2.5 mg | 21.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the EU: LMIV-2011: 12 mg |
Folate, as the active form of folic acid (née vitamin B9 and | 10 µg | 5.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the EU: LMIV-2011: 200 µg |
Vitamin A, as RAE | 18 µg | 2.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the EU: LMIV-2011: 800 µg |
Vitamin D | 0 µg | < 0.1% Recommended daily allowance according to the EU: LMIV-2011: 5.0 µg |
Essential macroelements (macronutrients) | per 100g |
2000 kcal The numbers show the percent of the recommended daily value for a person who consumes 2000 cal per day. This number is for one serving of the recipe. A person normally eats multiple times a day and consumes additional nutrients. You can get all of the nutrients you need over a longer period of time and in this way ensure a healthy balance. |
---|---|---|
Calcium, Ca | 689 mg | 86.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the EU: LMIV-2011: 800 mg |
Phosphorus, P | 568 mg | 81.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the EU: LMIV-2011: 700 mg |
Magnesium, Mg | 258 mg | 69.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the EU: LMIV-2011: 375 mg |
Potassium, K | 1'351 mg | 68.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the EU: LMIV-2011: 2'000 mg |
Sodium, Na | 17 mg | 2.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the EU: LMIV-2011: 800 mg |
Essential trace elements (micronutrients) | per 100g |
2000 kcal The numbers show the percent of the recommended daily value for a person who consumes 2000 cal per day. This number is for one serving of the recipe. A person normally eats multiple times a day and consumes additional nutrients. You can get all of the nutrients you need over a longer period of time and in this way ensure a healthy balance. |
---|---|---|
Iron, Fe | 16 mg | 116.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the EU: LMIV-2011: 14 mg |
Copper, Cu | 0.91 mg | 91.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the EU: LMIV-2011: 1.0 mg |
Manganese, Mn | 1.3 mg | 65.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the EU: LMIV-2011: 2.0 mg |
Zinc, Zn | 5.5 mg | 55.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the EU: LMIV-2011: 10 mg |
Selenium, Se | 12 µg | 22.0% Recommended daily allowance according to the EU: LMIV-2011: 55 µg |
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